2Th 1:8 | RWP | e4.org | Rendering ( διδοντος ). Genitive of present active participle of διδωμ , to give, agreeing with Ιησου . Vengeance ( εκδικησιν ). Late word from εκδικεω , to vindicate, in Polybius and LXX. To them that know not God ( τοις μη ειδοσιν θεον ). Dative plural of perfect active participle ειδως . Apparently chiefly Gentiles in mind ( ; ; ; ), though Jews are also guilty of wilful ignorance of God ( ). And to them that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus ( κα τοις μη υπακουουσιν τω ευαγγελιω του κυριου ημων Ιησου ). Repetition of the article looks like another class and so Jews ( ). Both Jews as instigators and Gentiles as officials ( πολιταρχς ) were involved in the persecution in Thessalonica ( ; ). Note the use of "gospel" here as in "believe in the gospel."

‏ 2 Thessalonians 1:8

Rendering ( διδοντος ). Genitive of present active participle of διδωμ, to give, agreeing with Ιησου.

Vengeance ( εκδικησιν ). Late word from εκδικεω, to vindicate, in Polybius and LXX.

To them that know not God ( τοις μη ειδοσιν θεον ). Dative plural of perfect active participle ειδως. Apparently chiefly Gentiles in mind (1Th 4:3; Ga 4:8; Ro 1:28; Eph 2:12), though Jews are also guilty of wilful ignorance of God (Ro 2:14).

And to them that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus ( κα τοις μη υπακουουσιν τω ευαγγελιω του κυριου ημων Ιησου ). Repetition of the article looks like another class and so Jews (Ro 10:16). Both Jews as instigators and Gentiles as officials ( πολιταρχς ) were involved in the persecution in Thessalonica (Ac 17:5-9; 2Th 1:6). Note the use of "gospel" here as in Mr 1:15 "believe in the gospel."