Joh 12:40 | RWP | e4.org | He hath blinded ( τετυφλωκεν ). Perfect active indicative of τυφλοω , old causative verb to make blind (from τυφλος , blind), in N.T. only here, ; . He hardened ( επωρωσεν ). First aorist active indicative of πωροω , a late causative verb (from πωρος , hard skin), seen already in , etc. This quotation is from and differs from the LXX. Lest they should see ( ινα μη ιδωσιν ). Negative purpose clause with ινα μη instead of μηποτε (never used by John) of the LXX. Matthew ( ) has μηποτε and quotes Jesus as using the passage as do Mark ( ) and Luke ( ). Paul quotes it again ( ) to the Jews in Rome. In each instance the words of Isaiah are interpreted as forecasting the doom of the Jews for rejecting the Messiah. Matthew ( ) has συνωσιν where John has νοησωσιν (perceive), and both change from the subjunctive to the future ( κα ιασομα ), "And I should heal them." John has here στραφωσιν (second aorist passive subjunctive of στρεφω ) while Matthew reads επιστρεψωσιν (first aorist active of επιστρεφω ).

‏ John 12:40

He hath blinded ( τετυφλωκεν ). Perfect active indicative of τυφλοω, old causative verb to make blind (from τυφλος, blind), in N.T. only here, 2Co 4:4; 1Jo 2:11.

He hardened ( επωρωσεν ). First aorist active indicative of πωροω, a late causative verb (from πωρος, hard skin), seen already in Mr 6:52, etc. This quotation is from Isa 6:10 and differs from the LXX.

Lest they should see ( ινα μη ιδωσιν ). Negative purpose clause with ινα μη instead of μηποτε (never used by John) of the LXX. Matthew (Mt 13:15) has μηποτε and quotes Jesus as using the passage as do Mark (Mr 4:12) and Luke (Lu 8:10). Paul quotes it again (Ac 28:26) to the Jews in Rome. In each instance the words of Isaiah are interpreted as forecasting the doom of the Jews for rejecting the Messiah. Matthew (Mt 13:15) has συνωσιν where John has νοησωσιν (perceive), and both change from the subjunctive to the future ( κα ιασομα ), "And I should heal them." John has here στραφωσιν (second aorist passive subjunctive of στρεφω ) while Matthew reads επιστρεψωσιν (first aorist active of επιστρεφω ).