2Cor 8:1-15 | RWP | e4.org | The grace ( την χαριν ). As manifested in the collection in the churches, poor as they were. The Romans had lacerated Macedonia (Livy, XLV. 30).

‏ 2 Corinthians 8:1-15

The grace ( την χαριν ). As manifested in the collection in the churches, poor as they were. The Romans had lacerated Macedonia (Livy, XLV. 30).

Proof ( δοκιμη ). Tests as of metals as in 2:9.

Abundance ( περισσεια ). Late word from περισσευω, to overflow.

Their deep poverty ( η κατα βαθους πτωχεια αυτων ). Πτωχεια is old word from πτωχευω, to be a beggar, as of Jesus in 8:9 (from πτωχος, cowering in fear and poverty, as in Lu 14:13, but ennobled by Christ as in Mt 5:3; 2Co 8:9). Poverty down deep. Strabo (LX 419) has κατα βαθους, down to the bottom.

Liberality ( απλοτητος ). From απλους, single, simple (Mt 6:22). "The passage from single-mindedness or simplicity to liberality is not quite obvious" (Plummer). Perhaps "heartiness" supplies the connecting link. See also 9:11-13.

Beyond their power ( παρα δυναμιν ). "Alongside" with accusative like υπερ δυναμιν in 1:8. Field (Ot. Nov.) quotes Josephus (Ant. iii. 6, 1) for κατα δυναμιν and παρα δυναμιν as here. Few give κατα δυναμιν (according to actual ability). Paul commends this high pressure collection because of the emergency.

Of their own accord ( αυθαιρετο ). Old verbal adjective ( αυτοσ, αιρετος from αιρεομα, to choose), of their own initiative, voluntary. Only here and verse 17 in N.T. Papyri often have εκουσιως κα αυθαιρετως (willingly and voluntarily).

Beseeching us with much intreaty in regard of this grace ( μετα πολλης παρακλησεως δεομενο ημων την χαριν ). Literally, "with much intreaty begging of us the favour and the partnership in the ministry to the saints." The accusative ( χαριν ) after δεομα is unusual. By χαρις Paul means the privilege of giving (cf. Ac 24:27). Apparently Paul had been reluctant to press the Macedonians because of their manifest poverty. They demanded the right to have a share in it.

We had hoped ( ηλπισαμεν ). First aorist active indicative of ελπιζω. "Expected," he means. They went beyond his hopes about them.

First they gave their own selves ( εαυτους εδωκαν πρωτον ). First aorist active indicative of διδωμ (k aorist). "Themselves they gave first." That is the explanation of the generous giving.

Insomuch that we exhorted Titus ( εις το παρακαλεσα ημας Τιτον ). Use of εις το and the infinitive for result with accusative of general reference ( ημας ). See Robertson, Grammar, p. 1003.

He had made a beginning before ( προενηρξατο ). First aorist active indicative of the double compound verb προ-εν-αρχομα, still found only here and verse 10, to make a start before others.

Complete ( επιτελεσε ) First aorist (effective) active subjunctive of επιτελεω, to finish, with perfective use of επ in composition.

In this grace also ( κα εν ταυτη τη χαριτ ). This gifted church (1Co 12-14) had fallen behind in the grace of giving. Kindly irony in this allusion.

Proving ( δοκιμαζων ). Testing and so proving.

The sincerity also of your love ( κα το της υμετερας αγαπης γνησιον ). Old adjective, contraction of γενεσιος ( γινομα ), legitimately born, not spurious. A collection is a test of one's love for Christ, not the only test, but a real one.

Though he was rich ( πλουσιος ων ). Concessive present participle ων from ειμ, to be.

Be became poor ( επτωχευσεν ). Ingressive aorist active indicative of πτωχευω (see verse 2 on πτωχεια ).

Through his poverty ( τη εκεινου πτωχεια ). Instrumental case, by means of.

Might become rich ( πλουτησητε ). Ingressive first aorist active subjunctive of πλουτεω, to be rich with ινα (that). See on Lu 1:53; 1Co 4:8.

Judgment ( γνωμην ). Deliberate opinion, but not a "command" ( επιταγη verse 8). Cf. 1Co 7:25.

A year ago ( απο περυσ ) From last year.

Not only to do, but also to will ( ου μονον το ποιησαι, αλλα κα το θελειν ). Articular infinitives the objects of προενηρξασθε on which verb see verse 6). That is to say, the Corinthians promised before any others.

The readiness to will ( η προθυμια του θελειν ). Old word from προθυμος ( προ, θυμος ), forwardness, eagerness (Ac 17:11). They were quick to pledge.

The completion also ( κα το επιτελεσα ). The finishing also (articular first aorist active infinitive).

Out of your ability ( εκ του εχειν ). "Out of the having," literally, and so, "out of what you can give" (verse 12).

Is there ( προκειτα ). Lies before one. Old word.

Acceptable ( ευπροσδεκτος ). See on 6:2.

According as a man hath ( καθο εαν εχη ). Indefinite comparative clause with εαν and present subjunctive εχε. Clearly God does not expect us to give what we do not have.

Not according as he hath not ( ου καθο ουκ εχε ). Note present indicative rather than subjunctive because a specific case is presented. See 9:7; Mr 12:43.

Others may be eased ( αλλοις ανεσις ). "Release to others."

Ye distressed ( υμιν θλιψις ). "To you tribulation." The verb η (present subjunctive) with ινα is not expressed.

By equality ( εξ ισοτητος ). Old word from ισος, fair, equal. In N.T. only here and Col 4:1.

Abundancy ( περισσευμα ). Late word from περισσευω like περισσεια (verse 2) Cf. Mt 12:34.

Want ( υστερημα ). Late word from υστερεω, to be in want. See also 9:12; Lu 21:4 (cf. υστερησις in Mr 12:44).