Heb 12:18-21 | RWP | e4.org | Ye are not come ( ου προσεληλυθατε ). Perfect active indicative of προσερχομα . There is no word here in the Greek for "a mount" like ορε in verses , (and .; ), but it is clearly understood since the dative participles agree with it unless they be taken as descriptive of πυρ ("a palpable and kindled fire " when πυρ would be the dative case after προσεληλυθατε ). That might be touched ( ψηλαφωμενω ). Present passive participle (dative case) of ψηλαφαω , old verb to handle, to touch ( ). That burned with fire ( κεκαυμενω πυρ ). Perfect passive participle of καιω , old verb to burn, with instrumental case πυρ (fire), unless the other view (above) is correct.

‏ Hebrews 12:18-21

Ye are not come ( ου προσεληλυθατε ). Perfect active indicative of προσερχομα. There is no word here in the Greek for "a mount" like ορε in verses 20, 22 (and Ex 19:12f.; De 4:11), but it is clearly understood since the dative participles agree with it unless they be taken as descriptive of πυρ ("a palpable and kindled fire " when πυρ would be the dative case after προσεληλυθατε ).

That might be touched ( ψηλαφωμενω ). Present passive participle (dative case) of ψηλαφαω, old verb to handle, to touch (Lu 24:39).

That burned with fire ( κεκαυμενω πυρ ). Perfect passive participle of καιω, old verb to burn, with instrumental case πυρ (fire), unless the other view (above) is correct.

Unto blackness ( γνοφω ). Dative case of γνοφος (late form for earlier δνοφος and kin to νεφος, cloud), here only in N.T. Quoted here from Ex 10:22.

Darkness ( ζοφω ). Old word, in Homer for the gloom of the world below. In the Symmachus Version of Ex 10:22, also in Jude 1:6; 2Pe 2:4, 15.

Tempest ( θυελλη ). Old word from θυω (to boil, to rage), a hurricane, here only in N.T. From Ex 10:22.

The sound of a trumpet ( σαλπιγγος ηχω ). From Ex 19:16. Εχος is an old word (our εχο ) as in Lu 21:25; Ac 2:2.

The voice of words ( φωνη ρηματων ). From Ex 19:19; De 4:12.

Which voice ( ης ). Relative referring to φωνη (voice) just before, genitive case with ακουσαντες (heard, aorist active participle).

Intreated ( παρηιτησαντο ). First aorist middle (indirect) indicative of παραιτεομα, old verb, to ask from alongside (Mr 15:6), then to beg away from oneself, to depreciate as here, to decline (Ac 25:11), to excuse (Lu 14:18), to avoid (1Ti 4:7).

That no word should be spoken unto them ( προστεθηνα αυτοις λογον ). First aorist passive infinitive of προστιθημ, old word to add, here with accusative of general reference ( λογον ), "that no word be added unto them." Some MSS. have here a redundant negative μη with the infinitive because of the negative idea in παρηιτησαντο as in Ga 5:7.

For they could not endure ( ουκ εφερον γαρ ). Imperfect active of φερω, "for they were not enduring (bearing)."

That which was enjoined ( το διαστελλομενον ). Present passive articular participle of διαστελλω, old verb to distinguish, to dispose, to order. The quotation is from Ex 19:12f. The people appealed to Moses (Ex 20:19) and the leaders did so also (De 5:23f.), both in terror.

If even ( καν ). "Even if." Condition of third class with second aorist active subjunctive of θιγγανω as in 11:28, followed by genitive ορους (mountain).

It shall be stoned ( λιθοβοληθησετα ). From Ex 19:13. Late compound verb from λιθοβολος (from λιθοσ, βαλλω ) as in Mt 21:35.

Fearful ( φοβερον ). As in 10:27, 31, only in Heb. in N.T.

The appearance ( το φανταζομενον ). Present passive articular participle of φανταζω, old verb from φαινω, to make visible, here only in N.T. "The manifestation."

I exceedingly fear and quake ( εκφοβος ειμ κα εντρομος ). "I am terrified ( εκφοβος, late compound like εκφοβεω, to frighten, Mr 9:6) and trembling" ( εντρομος, late compound like εντρεμω, to tremble at, as in Ac 7:32; 16:29). Εκφοβος is quoted from De 9:19.