Luke 24:13-32
Were going ( ησαν πορευομενο ). Periphrastic imperfect middle of πορευομα.Sixty stadia ( σταδιους εξηκοντα ). About seven miles.
They communed ( ωμιλουν ). Imperfect active of ομιλεω, old and common verb (from ομιλος, in company with). In the N.T. only here (and verse 15) and Ac 20:11; 24:26. Our word homiletics is derived from this word for preaching was at first largely conversational in style and not declamatory.
While they communed and questioned together ( εν τω ομιλειν αυτους κα συνζητειν ). Same idiom as in verse 14, which see. Note συνζητειν; each questioned the other.
Jesus himself ( αυτος Ιησους ). In actual person.
Went with them ( συνεπορευετο αυτοις ). Imperfect middle, was going along with them.
Were holden that they should not know him ( εκρατουντο του μη επιγνωνα αυτον ). Imperfect passive of κρατεω, continued being held, with the ablative case of the articular infinitive, "from recognizing him," from knowing him fully ( επι-γνωνα, ingressive aorist of επιγινωσκο ). The μη is a redundant negative after the negative idea in εκρατουντο.
That you have with another ( ους αντιβαλλετε προς αλληλους ). Αντι-βαλλω is an old verb and means to throw in turn, back and forth like a ball, from one to another, a beautiful picture of conversation as a game of words. Only here in the N.T.
They stood still ( εσταθησαν ). First aorist passive of ιστημ, intransitive. They stopped.
Looking sad ( σκυθρωπο ). This is the correct text. It is an old adjective from σκυθρος, gloomy and οπς, countenance. Only here in the N.T.
Dost thou alone sojourn? ( συ μονος παροικεισ; ). Μονος is predicate adjective. "Hast thou been dwelling alone (all by thyself)?"
And not know? ( κα ουκ εγνωσ; ). Second aorist active indicative and difficult to put into English as the aorist often is. The verb παροικεω means to dwell beside one, then as a stranger like παροικο (Eph 2:19). In Jerusalem everybody was talking about Jesus.
But we hoped ( ημεις δε ηλπιζομεν ). Imperfect active, we were hoping. Note emphasis in ημεις (we).
Redeem ( λυτρουσθα ). From the bondage of Rome, no doubt.
Yea and beside all this ( αλλα γε κα συν πασιν τουτοις ). Particles pile up to express their emotions.
Yea ( αλλα here affirmative, as in verse 22, not adversative) at least ( γε ) also ( κα ) together with all these things ( συν πασιν τουτοις ). Like Pelion on Ossa with them in their perplexity.
Now the third day ( τριτην ταυτην ημεραν αγε ). A difficult idiom for the English. "One is keeping this a third day." And he is still dead and we are still without hope.
Amazed us ( εξεστησαν ημας ). First aorist active (transitive) indicative with accusative ημας of εξιστημ. The second aorist active is intransitive.
Early ( ορθρινα ). A poetic and late form for ορθριος. In the N.T. only here and Re 24:22. Predicate adjective agreeing with the women.
Had seen ( εωρακενα ). Perfect active infinitive in indirect assertion after λεγουσα. Same construction for ζηιν after λεγουσιν. But all this was too indirect and uncertain (women and angels) for Cleopas and his companion.
Foolish men ( ανοητο ). Literally without sense ( νους ), not understanding. Common word.
Slow of heart ( βραδεις τη καρδια ). Slow in heart (locative case). Old word for one dull, slow to comprehend or to act.
All that ( πασιν οις ). Relative attracted from the accusative α to the case of the antecedent πασιν (dative). They could only understand part of the prophecies, not all.
Behooved it not? ( ουχ εδει; ). Was it not necessary? The very things about the death of Jesus that disturbed them so were the strongest proof that he was the Messiah of the Old Testament.
Interpreted ( διηρμηνευσεν ). First aorist active (constative aorist) indicative of διερμηνευω (Margin has the imperfect διηρμηνευεν ), intensive compound ( δια ) of ερμηνευω, the old verb to interpret from ερμηνευς, interpreter, and that from Hερμης, the messenger of the gods as the people of Lystra took Paul to be (Ac 14:12). But what wonderful exegesis the two disciples were now hearing!
Concerning himself ( περ εαυτον ). Jesus found himself in the Old Testament, a thing that some modern scholars do not seem able to do.
Made as though ( προσεποιησατο ). First aorist active middle (Some MSS. have προσεποιειτο imperfect) indicative of προσποιεω, old verb to conform oneself to, to pretend. Only here in the N.T. Of course he would have gone on if the disciples had not urged him to stay.
Constrained ( παρεβιασαντο ). Strong verb παραβιαζομα, to compel by use of force (Polybius and LXX). In the N.T. only here and Ac 16:15. It was here compulsion of courteous words.
Is far spent ( κεκλικεν ). Perfect active indicative of κλινω. The day "has turned" toward setting.
When he had sat down ( εν τω κατακλιθηνα αυτον ). Luke's common idiom as in verses 4, 15. Note first aorist passive infinitive (on the reclining as to him).
Gave ( επεδιδου ). Imperfect, inchoative idea, began to give to them, in contrast with the preceding aorist (punctiliar) participles.
Were opened ( διηνοιχθησαν ). Ingressive first aorist passive indicative of διανοιγω.
Knew ( επεγνωσαν ). Effective first aorist active indicative fully recognized him. Same word in verse 16.
Vanished ( αφαντος εγενετο ). Became invisible or unmanifested. Αφαντος from α privative and φαινομα, to appear. Old word, only here in the N.T.
Was not our heart burning? ( Ουχ η καρδια εμων καιομενη ην; ). Periphrastic imperfect middle.
Spake ( ελαλε ). Imperfect active, was speaking. This common verb λαλεω is onomatopoetic, to utter a sound, λα-λα and was used of birds, children chattering, and then for conversation, for preaching, for any public speech.
Opened ( διηνοιγεν ). Imperfect active indicative of the same verb used of the eyes in verse 31.
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