Luke 9:10-17
Declared ( διηγησαντο ). First aorist middle of διηγεομα, to carry a narrative through to the end. Jesus listened to it all.They had done ( εποιησαν ). Aorist active indicative, they did.
He took them ( παραλαβων αυτους ). Second aorist active participle of παραλαμβανω. Very common verb.
Bethsaida ( Βηθσαιδα ). Peculiar to Luke. Bethsaida Julias is the territory of Philip, for it is on the other side of the Sea of Galilee (Joh 6:1).
Spake ( ελαλε ). Imperfect active, he continued speaking.
He healed ( ιατο ). Imperfect middle, he continued healing.
To wear away ( κλινειν ). Old verb usually transitive, to bend or bow down. Many compounds as in English decline, incline, recline, clinic ( κλινη, bed), etc. Luke alone in the N.T. uses it intransitively as here. The sun was turning down towards setting.
Lodge ( καταλυσωσιν ). First aorist active subjunctive of καταλυω, a common verb, to dissolve, destroy, overthrow, and then of travellers to break a journey, to lodge ( καταλυμα, inn, Lu 2:7). Only here and 19:7 in the N.T. in this sense.
Get victuals ( ευρωσιν επισιτισμον ). Ingressive aorist active of ευρισκω, very common verb.
Victuals ( επισιτισμον, from επισιτιζομα, to provision oneself, σιτιζω, from σιτον, wheat) only here in the N.T., though common in ancient Greek, especially for provisions for a journey (snack). See on Mr 6:32-44; Mt 14:13-21 for discussion of details.
Except we should go and buy food ( ε μητ πορευθεντες ημεις αγορασωμεν βρωματα ). This is a condition of the third class with the aorist subjunctive ( αγορασωμεν ), where the conjunction is usually εαν (with negative εαν μη ), but not always or necessarily so especially in the Koine. So in 1Co 14:5 ε μη διερμηνευη and in Php 3:12 ε κα καταλαβω. "Unless" is better here than "except."
Food ( βρωματα ), means eaten pieces from βιβρωσκω, to eat, somewhat like our "edibles" or vernacular "eats."
About ( ωσε ). Luke as Mt 14:21 adds this word to the definite statement of Mr 6:44 that there were 5,000 men, a hundred companies of fifty each.
Sit down ( κατακλινατε ). First aorist active imperative. Recline, lie down. Only in Luke in the N.T. See also verse 15.
In companies ( κλισιας ). Cognate accusative after
kataklinate. Only here in the N.T. A row of persons reclining at meals (table company).
About fifty each ( ωσε ανα πεντηκοντα ). Distributive use of ανα and approximate number again ( ωσε ).
The five ... the two ( τους πεντε ... τους δυο ). Pointing back to verse 13, fine example of the Greek article.
And gave ( κα εδιδου ). Imperfect active of διδωμ, kept on giving. This picturesque imperfect is preceded by the aorist κατεκλασεν (brake), a single act. This latter verb in the N.T. only here and the parallel in Mr 6:41, though common enough in ancient Greek. We say "break off" where here the Greek has "break down" (or thoroughly), perfective use of κατα.
Twelve baskets ( κοφινο δωδεκα ). For discussion of κοφονο and σφυριδες as well as of κλασματα (broken pieces) see on Mr 6:43; Mt 14:20.
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