Phili 1:28 | RWP | e4.org | Affrighted ( πτυρομενο ). Present passive participle of πτυρω , old verb, to frighten. The metaphor is of a timid or scared horse and from πτοεω ( πτοα , terror). "Not startled in anything." By the adversaries ( υπο των αντικειμενων ). These men who were lined up against (present middle participle of αντικειμα ) may have been Jews or Gentiles or both. See for this late verb. Any preacher who attacks evil will have opposition. Evident token ( ενδειξις ). Old word for proof. See ; . "An Attic law term" (Kennedy) and only in Paul in N.T. Perdition ( απωλειας ). "Loss" in contrast with "salvation" ( σωτηριας ). And that ( κα τουτο ). Idiomatic adverbial accusative. "It is a direct indication from God. The Christian gladiator does not anxiously await the signal of life or death from the fickle crowd" (Lightfoot).

‏ Philippians 1:28

Affrighted ( πτυρομενο ). Present passive participle of πτυρω, old verb, to frighten. The metaphor is of a timid or scared horse and from πτοεω ( πτοα, terror). "Not startled in anything."

By the adversaries ( υπο των αντικειμενων ). These men who were lined up against (present middle participle of αντικειμα ) may have been Jews or Gentiles or both. See 2Th 2:4 for this late verb. Any preacher who attacks evil will have opposition.

Evident token ( ενδειξις ). Old word for proof. See 2Co 8:24; Ro 3:25f. "An Attic law term" (Kennedy) and only in Paul in N.T.

Perdition ( απωλειας ). "Loss" in contrast with "salvation" ( σωτηριας ).

And that ( κα τουτο ). Idiomatic adverbial accusative. "It is a direct indication from God. The Christian gladiator does not anxiously await the signal of life or death from the fickle crowd" (Lightfoot).