Revelation of John 16:1-4
A great voice ( μεγαλης φωνης ). Not an angel as in 5:2; 7:2; 10:3; 14:7, 9, 15, 18, but of God as 15:8 shows, since no one could enter the ναος.Pour out ( εκχεετε ). Second aorist active imperative of εκχεω (same form as present active imperative). Blass would change to εκχεατε (clearly aorist) as in verse 6.
The seven bowls ( τας επτα φιαλας ). The article points to verse 7.
Went and poured out ( απηλθεν κα εξεχεεν ). Second aorist active indicative of απερχομα (redundant use like υπαγετε with εκχεετε, "go and pour out," in verse 1) and of εκχεω. Each angel "went off" to perform his task. For εξεχεεν see it repeated in verses 3, 4, 8, 10, 12, 17.
Into the earth ( εις την γην ). This same use of εις after εξεχεεν in verses 3, 4.
It became ( εγενετο ). "There came" (second aorist middle indicative of γινομα ).
A noisome and grievous sore ( ελκος κακον κα πονηρον ). "Bad and malignant sore." Hελκος is old word for a suppurated wound (Latin ulcus), here, verse 11; Lu 16:21. See the sixth Egyptian plague (Ex 9:10; De 28:27, 35) and Job 2:7. The magicians were attacked in Egypt and the worshippers of Caesar here (13:17; 14:9, 11; 19:20).
Into the sea ( εις την θαλασσαν ). Like the first Egyptian plague (Ex 7:12-41) though only the Nile affected then.
Blood as of a dead man ( αιμα ως νεκρου ). At the trumpet (8:11) the water becomes wormwood. Here ως νεκρου is added to Ex 7:19, "the picture of a murdered man weltering in his blood" (Swete). "Coagulated blood, fatal to animal life" (Moffatt).
Every living soul ( πασα ψυχη ζωης ). "Every soul of life" (Hebraism, Ge 1:21, marked by life).
Even the things that were in the sea ( τα εν τη θαλασση ). "The things in the sea," in apposition with ψυχη. Complete destruction, not partial as in 8:9.
Into the rivers and the fountains of waters ( εις τους ποταμους κα τας πηγας των υδατων ). See 8:10 for this phrase. Contamination of the fresh-water supply by blood follows that of the sea. Complete again.
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