‏ Romans 11:16

 First fruit ( απαρχη ). See on 1Co 15:20, 23. The metaphor is from Nu 15:19f. The LXX has  απαρχην φυραματος, first of the dough as a heave offering.

 The lump ( το φυραμα ). From which the first fruit came. See on 9:21. Apparently the patriarchs are the first fruit.

 The root ( η ριζα ). Perhaps Abraham singly here. The metaphor is changed, but the idea is the same. Israel is looked on as a tree. But one must recall and keep in mind the double sense of Israel in 9:6f. (the natural and the spiritual).

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