‏ Exodus 28:17-21

thou shalt Exod 28:9, Exod 28:11, Exod 39:10-21; Mal 3:17

set in it settings of stones Heb. fill in its fillings of stone

the first row Ezek 28:13; Rev 21:19-21

a sardius or, ruby, The Hebrew odem, from adam, to be red, ruddy, seems to denote the ruby; as adam does in Persian a beautiful gem, of a fine deep red colour, with a mixture of purple. Job 28:18; Prov 3:15, Prov 8:11, Prov 20:15, Prov 31:10; Lam 4:7

a topaz Pitdah, is constantly rendered by the LXX τοπαζιον, and Vulgate, topazius, with which agrees Josephus. The topaz is a precious stone, of a pale, dead green, with a mixture of yellow, sometimes of a fine yellow; and hence called chrysolyte by the moderns, from its gold colour. Job 28:19; Rev 21:20

a carbuncle Bareketh, from barak, to lighten, glitter, a very elegant gem, of a deep red colour, with a mixture of scarlet. Isa 54:11-12

emerald Nophech, an emerald, the same with the ancient smaragdus; one of the most beautiful of all the gems, and of a bright green colour, without any mixture. Exod 39:11; Ezek 27:16

sapphire Exod 24:10; Job 28:6, Job 28:16; Song 5:14; Ezek 1:26, Ezek 10:1; Rev 4:3

diamond Jer 17:1; Ezek 28:13

a ligure Exod 39:12

an agate Isa 54:12

a beryl Ezek 1:16, Ezek 10:9; Dan 10:6; Rev 21:20

an onyx Exod 28:9

a jasper Rev 4:3, Rev 21:11, Rev 21:18-20

enclosings Heb. fillings, Exod 28:13

twelve Exod 28:9-11

according to the twelve 1Kgs 18:31; Luke 22:30; Jas 1:1; Rev 7:4-8, Rev 21:12

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