Exo 28:6-30 | TSK | e4.org

a sardius or, ruby, The Hebrew odem, from adam, to be red, ruddy, seems to denote the ruby; as adam does in Persian a beautiful gem, of a fine deep red colour, with a mixture of purple. Job 28:18; Prov 3:15, Prov 8:11, Prov 20:15, Prov 31:10; Lam 4:7

a topaz Pitdah, is constantly rendered by the LXX τοπαζιον, and Vulgate, topazius, with which agrees Josephus. The topaz is a precious stone, of a pale, dead green, with a mixture of yellow, sometimes of a fine yellow; and hence called chrysolyte by the moderns, from its gold colour. Job 28:19; Rev 21:20

a carbuncle Bareketh, from barak, to lighten, glitter, a very elegant gem, of a deep red colour, with a mixture of scarlet. Isa 54:11-12

emerald Nophech, an emerald, the same with the ancient smaragdus; one of the most beautiful of all the gems, and of a bright green colour, without any mixture. Exod 39:11; Ezek 27:16

sapphire Exod 24:10; Job 28:6, Job 28:16; Song 5:14; Ezek 1:26, Ezek 10:1; Rev 4:3

diamond Jer 17:1; Ezek 28:13

a ligure Exod 39:12

an agate Isa 54:12

a beryl Ezek 1:16, Ezek 10:9; Dan 10:6; Rev 21:20

an onyx Exod 28:9

a jasper Rev 4:3, Rev 21:11, Rev 21:18-20

enclosings Heb. fillings, Exod 28:13

twelve Exod 28:9-11

according to the twelve 1Kgs 18:31; Luke 22:30; Jas 1:1; Rev 7:4-8, Rev 21:12

Exod 28:14

Exod 25:11-15

wreathen chains Exod 28:14, Exod 39:15

on the shoulder pieces Exod 28:7

of the ephod Exod 39:4

the curious girdle Exod 28:8

a lace Exod 28:31, Exod 28:37, Exod 39:30-31; Num 15:38

in the Exod 28:15, Exod 28:30

upon Exod 28:12; Jer 30:21; Rom 10:1

a Song 8:6; Isa 49:15-16

the Urim and Thummim, ΰϊ ΰεψιν εΰϊ δϊξιν the Urim and Thummim, lights and perfections; rendered by the LXX δηλωσιϚ και αληθεια, manifestation and truth; and, by the Vulgate, doctrina et veritas, doctrine and truth. Among the various and contradictory opinions respecting the form and substance of these mysterious appendages, the most probable seems to be that of Josephus, Philo, Bp. Patrick, Parkhurst, and the Jewish writers generally; who state, that they were no other than the twelve precious stones of the high priest's breastplate. In support of this statement, it is observed:

1. That in the description of the high priest's breastplate, Exod 39:8, et seq., the Urim and Thummim are not mentioned, but only the rows of stones; and on the contrary, in Lev 8:8, the Urim and Thummim are expressly mentioned, but not a word is said of the four rows of stones.

2. As Moses has given such a particular description of every thing relative to the high priest's dress, these would certainly have been described had they been different from what was previously mentioned. Lev 8:8; Num 27:21; Deut 33:8; Judg 1:1, Judg 20:18, Judg 20:23, Judg 20:27-28; 1Sam 23:9-12; 1Sam 28:6, 1Sam 30:7-8; Ezra 2:63; Neh 7:65

bear the judgment Zech 6:13

upon his heart 2Cor 6:11-12, 2Cor 7:3, 2Cor 12:15; Phil 1:7-8; Heb 2:17, Heb 4:15, Heb 9:12, Heb 9:24